A review of multi-objective optimization of container flow using sea and land legs together

Intermodalni transport je sistem koji podrazumeva prevoz 'od vrata do vrata' pod odgovornošću jednog prevoznika tj. operatora intermodalnog transporta, uz učešće najmanje dva vida transporta (u prevozu tereta bez promene tovarno manipulativne jedinice). Kontejnerski transport je glavna komponenta intermodalnog transporta i međunarodne trgovine. Kontejnerski transportni tok bi trebalo da bude optimalan kako bi se osiguralo pravilno korišćenje resursa i kako bi se omogućila profitabilnost korisnika. Razni višekriterijumski evolucioni algoritmi su razvijeni da efikasno reše probleme optimizacije u kontejnerskom transportu. Ovaj rad predstavlja kratak pregled problema optimizacije u intermodalnom transportu posmatrajući jedan transportni lanac u kome se transport kontejnera obavlja morem i kopnom uzimajući u obzir tri najčešće razmatrana optimizaciona kriterijuma (transportni troškovi, tranzitno vreme i emisija ugljen-dioksida).Intermodal freight transportation refers to a multi-modal chain of container-transportation services which usually links the initial shipper to the final consignee of the container (door-to-door service) and takes place over long distances. Container transportation is a major component of intermodal transportation and international commerce. Container flow should be optimal to ensure proper resource utilization and profitability to players. Various multi-objective evolutionary algorithms have been developed to efficiently solve optimization problems in container flows. This paper presents a short review of optimization problems in intermodal transport using sea and land legs together regarding three mostly observed objectives (transport cost, transit time and CO2 emissions)

A relationship between different costs of container yard modelling in port using queuing approach

U ovom radu razmatrani su grupni dolasci kontenera na kontenerskom skladištu koji su modelirani višekanalnim sistemom teorije redova čekanja MX/M/c sa c skladišnih dizalica kao kanalima opsluživanja. Pretpostavljeno je da je veličina grupe kontenera, X (broj kontenera y grupi koja dolazi na kontenersko skladište) distribuirana u skladu sa Puasonovskim tipom raspodele. Koristeći opšti izraz za razmatrani model redova čekanja, izveden je izraz za odnos specifičnih troškova koji sadrži verovatnoće stanja sistema, faktor iskorišćenja sistema, srednju vrednost i disperziju veličine grupe. Primenjujući taj izraz, predstavljeni su odgovarajući numerički i grafički rezultati za 1, 2 i 3 skladišne dizalice na kontenerskom skladištu u luci. Takođe ističemo da dobijeni analitički izraz omogućava diskusiju i poređenje vrednosti odnosa specifičnih troškova razmatranih modela redova čekanja MX/M/c sa različitim parametrima performanse luke, kao i poređenja istih sa odnosom specifičnih troškova u odnosu na redove čekanja istraživanih u prethodnim radovima autora koji se odnose na ovaj problem.In this paper we consider batch arrivals of containers at a port container yard which is modeled as a multi-server queue MX/M/c with c yard cranes for the service. It is assumed that the related group size (the number of containers in an arriving group), X is distributed by a Poisson-like distribution. Using a more general formula for such queue models, here it is deduced the expression for the specific cost ratio involving the state probabilities, the utilization factor, the mean and the variance of the group size. Applying this expression, related numerical and graphical results are presented when the number of yard cranes at container yard in port is 1, 2 or 3. We also point out that this expression allows us to discuss and compare the values of specific cost ratio concerning the considered MX/M/c queues with different port performance parameters, as well as with specific cost ratio of the queues investigated in earlier authors' papers on this topic

A review of multi-objective optimization of container flow using sea and land legs together

Intermodalni transport je sistem koji podrazumeva prevoz 'od vrata do vrata' pod odgovornošću jednog prevoznika tj. operatora intermodalnog transporta, uz učešće najmanje dva vida transporta (u prevozu tereta bez promene tovarno manipulativne jedinice). Kontejnerski transport je glavna komponenta intermodalnog transporta i međunarodne trgovine. Kontejnerski transportni tok bi trebalo da bude optimalan kako bi se osiguralo pravilno korišćenje resursa i kako bi se omogućila profitabilnost korisnika. Razni višekriterijumski evolucioni algoritmi su razvijeni da efikasno reše probleme optimizacije u kontejnerskom transportu. Ovaj rad predstavlja kratak pregled problema optimizacije u intermodalnom transportu posmatrajući jedan transportni lanac u kome se transport kontejnera obavlja morem i kopnom uzimajući u obzir tri najčešće razmatrana optimizaciona kriterijuma (transportni troškovi, tranzitno vreme i emisija ugljen-dioksida).Intermodal freight transportation refers to a multi-modal chain of container-transportation services which usually links the initial shipper to the final consignee of the container (door-to-door service) and takes place over long distances. Container transportation is a major component of intermodal transportation and international commerce. Container flow should be optimal to ensure proper resource utilization and profitability to players. Various multi-objective evolutionary algorithms have been developed to efficiently solve optimization problems in container flows. This paper presents a short review of optimization problems in intermodal transport using sea and land legs together regarding three mostly observed objectives (transport cost, transit time and CO2 emissions)

A relationship between different costs of container yard modelling in port using queuing approach

U ovom radu razmatrani su grupni dolasci kontenera na kontenerskom skladištu koji su modelirani višekanalnim sistemom teorije redova čekanja MX/M/c sa c skladišnih dizalica kao kanalima opsluživanja. Pretpostavljeno je da je veličina grupe kontenera, X (broj kontenera y grupi koja dolazi na kontenersko skladište) distribuirana u skladu sa Puasonovskim tipom raspodele. Koristeći opšti izraz za razmatrani model redova čekanja, izveden je izraz za odnos specifičnih troškova koji sadrži verovatnoće stanja sistema, faktor iskorišćenja sistema, srednju vrednost i disperziju veličine grupe. Primenjujući taj izraz, predstavljeni su odgovarajući numerički i grafički rezultati za 1, 2 i 3 skladišne dizalice na kontenerskom skladištu u luci. Takođe ističemo da dobijeni analitički izraz omogućava diskusiju i poređenje vrednosti odnosa specifičnih troškova razmatranih modela redova čekanja MX/M/c sa različitim parametrima performanse luke, kao i poređenja istih sa odnosom specifičnih troškova u odnosu na redove čekanja istraživanih u prethodnim radovima autora koji se odnose na ovaj problem.In this paper we consider batch arrivals of containers at a port container yard which is modeled as a multi-server queue MX/M/c with c yard cranes for the service. It is assumed that the related group size (the number of containers in an arriving group), X is distributed by a Poisson-like distribution. Using a more general formula for such queue models, here it is deduced the expression for the specific cost ratio involving the state probabilities, the utilization factor, the mean and the variance of the group size. Applying this expression, related numerical and graphical results are presented when the number of yard cranes at container yard in port is 1, 2 or 3. We also point out that this expression allows us to discuss and compare the values of specific cost ratio concerning the considered MX/M/c queues with different port performance parameters, as well as with specific cost ratio of the queues investigated in earlier authors' papers on this topic

Specific cost ratio in a port modelling by M/Ek/1 queue

Pojam specifiičnog odnosa troškova odnosi se na razne tipove troškova broda i luke modelirane kao sistem reda čekanja Koristeći poznatu opštu formulu za specifični odnos troškova (označen sa R), izvodimo odgovarajući izraz za R u odnosu na M/Ek/1 model reda čekanja, gde je Ek (k = 2,3,...) Erlangova k - raspodela verovatnoće. Ovaj izraz nam omogućava da dobijemo teorijski rezultat koji se može primeniti za određivanje optimalnih vrednosti parametra oblika k od Ek uz data ograničenja u odnosu na druge performanse razmatranog lučkog modela teorije redova čekanja. Takođe su predstavljeni odgovarajući numerički i grafički rezultati. Dobijeni rezultati bi mogli biti korisni za buduća istraživanja razmatrane problematike.The notion of specific cost ratio involves different type of costs of a ship and a port modeled as a queueing system. Using the known general formula for the specific cost ratio of arbitrary port queueing system (denoted as R), here we derive the related expression for R of the M/Ek/1 queue, where Ek (k = 2,3,...) is the Erlang- k probability distribution. This expression allows us to obtain a theoretical result which can be applied for determining the optimal values of shape parameter k of Ek under given constraints on other performances of the considered port queueing system. The related numerical and the graphical results are also presented. The obtained results would be a useful tool in future research in related subject areas

Mathematical Models of Multiserver Queuing System for Dynamic Performance Evaluation in Port

We discuss dynamic system performance evaluation in the river port utilizing queuing models with batch arrivals. The general models of the system are developed. This system is modelled by M-X/M/n/m queue with finite waiting areas and identical and independent cargo-handling capacities. The models are considered with whole and part batch acceptance (or whole and part batch rejections) and the interarrival and service times are exponentially distributed. Results related to the batch blocking probability and the blocking probability of an arbitrary vessel in nonstationary and stationary states have been obtained. Numerical results and computational experiments are reported to evaluate the efficiency of the models for the real system

Mathematical Models of Multiserver Queuing System for Dynamic Performance Evaluation in Port

We discuss dynamic system performance evaluation in the river port utilizing queuing models with batch arrivals. The general models of the system are developed. This system is modelled by M-X/M/n/m queue with finite waiting areas and identical and independent cargo-handling capacities. The models are considered with whole and part batch acceptance (or whole and part batch rejections) and the interarrival and service times are exponentially distributed. Results related to the batch blocking probability and the blocking probability of an arbitrary vessel in nonstationary and stationary states have been obtained. Numerical results and computational experiments are reported to evaluate the efficiency of the models for the real system

Modelling the Container Yard as an Operational System in a Port: A Methodological Approach

The paper presents M^X / M / c batch queues in which the group size is given by the shifted-Poisson and Poisson-like distributions. This queue model deduced the expressions for the specific cost ratio involving the state probabilities, the utilization factor, the mean and the variance of the group size. Proposed model discusses the total queuing system costs of container at container yard (CY) and specific cost ratio to improve the best values for container performances at CY. The analytical approach make the model appropriate to analyze. The special cases can be solved exactly, which is shown in another paper dealing with the application of this methodological approach

Modelling the Container Yard as an Operational System in a Port: The Case Studies

The paper presents the two Case Studies of the modelling process at the Container Yard (CY) as an Operational System based on a particular batch arrival multi-server M^X / M / c queue described and analysed in [4], where the batch size ( X ) has the shifted-Poisson and Poisson-like distributions. Using a more general formula for such queue models, here it is deduced the expressions for the specific cost ratio involving the state probabilities, the utilization factor, the mean and the variance of the group size. Applying this expression, the various results are presented when the number of yard cranes at container yard in port is 1, 2 or 3

A bibliometric analysis and assessment of container terminal operations research

Purpose – The paper undertakes a bibliometric analysis and assessment of journal publications in the field of container terminal operations research (CTOR), in an attempt to identify high-impact papers (HIPs) published in Science Citation Index/Social Science Citation Index (SCI/SSCI) journals ofCTORsubject category from1973 to 2020. Design/methodology/approach –Astructured approach for identifying the HIPs is developed based on the utilization of bibliometric and network analyses. Findings – The CTOR papers are assessed in terms of publication outputs, distribution of outputs in SCI/SSCI journals, authorship, institutions and countries, as well as citation life cycles of papers with the highest total citations since their publication until the year 2020. The results show that between 1989 and 2015, there were 82 HIPs in the field of CTOR, which have been cited at least 200 times, with more than 50% of these citations allocated in the second part of paper citation life cycle according to the database of Google Scholar. Practical implications – The practical implication of the aforementioned reviewing and assessing journal publications of CTOR is that it offers the ability to reveal the tone of its development through addressing main characteristics of the relevant HIPs as determined by the highly cited papers in this field of research. Originality/value – This paper offers a unique analysis and assessment in the field of CTOR by identifying the relevant HIPs and their associated scientific actors (authors, institutions and countries), thus facilitating the future research effort in the field of CTOR